Le rapport de l\u2019institution de recherche am\u00e9ricaine RAND propose un cadre m\u00e9thodologique pour estimer, en situation de pand\u00e9mie \u00e0 transmission respiratoire, la taille de la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre jug\u00e9e vitale et la demande associ\u00e9e en \u00e9quipements de protection individuelle (EPI). Il s\u2019\u00e9carte des approches sectorielles globales qui classent les \u00ab travailleurs essentiels \u00bb par grands secteurs, en soulignant que ces approches masquent d\u2019importantes diff\u00e9rences de risque d\u2019exposition entre professions au sein d\u2019un m\u00eame secteur.<\/p>\n
Les chercheurs d\u00e9veloppent un outil fond\u00e9 sur les caract\u00e9ristiques des postes de travail au niveau des professions (possibilit\u00e9s de t\u00e9l\u00e9travail, nature des contacts, etc.), combin\u00e9es avec des donn\u00e9es d\u2019emploi f\u00e9d\u00e9rales et des \u00c9tats am\u00e9ricains, ainsi qu\u2019avec des multiplicateurs \u00e9conomiques par branche d\u2019activit\u00e9. Cette approche permet d\u2019estimer le niveau de risque d\u2019exposition en milieu professionnel, d\u2019identifier les m\u00e9tiers pouvant limiter l\u2019exposition par le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail et d\u2019\u00e9valuer l\u2019importance \u00e9conomique plus large d\u2019\u00e9ventuelles perturbations par profession.<\/p>\n
L\u2019analyse est mise en \u0153uvre dans un tableau de bord interactif qui permet aux planificateurs et d\u00e9cideurs d\u2019explorer diff\u00e9rents sc\u00e9narios aux niveaux national, des \u00c9tats f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9s et r\u00e9gional. En fonction des secteurs inclus, des seuils de risque retenus, des hypoth\u00e8ses sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9travail et des crit\u00e8res \u00e9conomiques appliqu\u00e9s, les estimations du nombre de travailleurs n\u00e9cessitant des EPI varient entre 5,3 millions et 85,7 millions de personnes.<\/p>\n
Le cadre propos\u00e9 n\u2019a pas pour objectif de fournir un chiffre unique et d\u00e9finitif, mais de servir de base flexible pour une planification par sc\u00e9narios. Il vise \u00e0 offrir aux responsables de la gestion de crise et aux d\u00e9cideurs publics une base plus robuste et adaptable pour la constitution de stocks d\u2019EPI, la priorisation de certaines cat\u00e9gories de travailleurs et la pr\u00e9paration aux pand\u00e9mies. Le rapport s\u2019inscrit dans la s\u00e9rie des Research Reports de RAND, institution de recherche \u00e0 but non lucratif, dont les travaux sont soumis \u00e0 une proc\u00e9dure de revue par les pairs et n\u2019engagent pas n\u00e9cessairement les positions de ses commanditaires. Le document pr\u00e9cise que son utilisation est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 un usage non commercial, sous r\u00e9serve du respect des r\u00e8gles de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle et de reproduction d\u00e9finies par RAND.(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 en fran\u00e7ais par l’IA)\u00a0Lire la Suite<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Le rapport de l\u2019institution de recherche am\u00e9ricaine RAND propose un cadre m\u00e9thodologique pour estimer, en situation de pand\u00e9mie \u00e0 transmission respiratoire, la taille de la main-d\u2019\u0153uvre jug\u00e9e vitale et la 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