En Europe, plus d\u2019une personne sur cinq est expos\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re chronique \u00e0 des niveaux de bruit de transport consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme nocifs pour la sant\u00e9, le trafic routier \u00e9tant la principale source. Le bruit environnemental est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme un enjeu majeur de sant\u00e9 publique en raison de ses effets cardiovasculaires, m\u00e9taboliques et mentaux. Une exposition aigu\u00eb peut perturber le sommeil, provoquer fatigue physique et mentale, et d\u00e9clencher des r\u00e9ponses physiologiques de stress (augmentation de la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion de cortisol et de cat\u00e9cholamines). Lorsque cette exposition se prolonge, ces m\u00e9canismes de stress peuvent rester activ\u00e9s dans la dur\u00e9e, avec des cons\u00e9quences possibles sur le bien\u2011\u00eatre, les fonctions cognitives et la sant\u00e9 mentale. Les enfants sont d\u00e9crits comme potentiellement plus vuln\u00e9rables, compte tenu de leur d\u00e9veloppement en cours et de capacit\u00e9s d\u2019adaptation plus limit\u00e9es que celles des adultes.<\/p>\n
Dans ce contexte, une nouvelle \u00e9tude de l\u2019Inserm et de Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e au sein de l\u2019Institut Sorbonne de sant\u00e9 publique, analyse l\u2019impact du bruit r\u00e9sidentiel li\u00e9 aux transports (routier, a\u00e9rien, ferroviaire) sur la sant\u00e9 mentale des enfants. Cette recherche s\u2019appuie sur la cohorte fran\u00e7aise Elfe, qui suit pr\u00e8s de 8 000 enfants depuis la naissance jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 10 ans et demi. Les adresses de domicile ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recueillies \u00e0 2 mois, 3 ans et demi et 5 ans et demi. \u00c0 partir de donn\u00e9es publiques et de travaux de mod\u00e9lisation, les chercheurs ont estim\u00e9 l\u2019exposition moyenne au bruit \u00e0 chaque domicile pour ces trois p\u00e9riodes.<\/p>\n
Les r\u00e9sultats, publi\u00e9s dans The Lancet Public Health, sugg\u00e8rent une association entre une exposition r\u00e9sidentielle prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 des niveaux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de bruit routier au d\u00e9but de la vie (jusqu\u2019\u00e0 5 ans et demi) et des niveaux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s de sympt\u00f4mes internalis\u00e9s (troubles \u00e9motionnels tourn\u00e9s vers l\u2019int\u00e9rieur, tels qu\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 ou tristesse) \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 10 ans et demi. L\u2019\u00e9tude porte sp\u00e9cifiquement sur les troubles \u00e9motionnels et comportementaux de l\u2019enfant et met en \u00e9vidence un lien avec le bruit routier, alors que le texte ne d\u00e9taille pas de r\u00e9sultats pour le bruit a\u00e9rien ou ferroviaire. Elle confirme l\u2019importance de prendre en compte le bruit de transport, en particulier le trafic routier, comme facteur de risque potentiel pour la sant\u00e9 mentale des enfants, dans une perspective de pr\u00e9vention et de r\u00e9duction des expositions environnementales.\u00a0(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 par l’IA)\u200bLire la Suite<\/a>\u200b<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" En Europe, plus d\u2019une personne sur cinq est expos\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re chronique \u00e0 des niveaux de bruit de transport consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme nocifs pour la sant\u00e9, le trafic routier \u00e9tant la 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