Des chercheurs de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, de l\u2019Inserm, du CEA, de l\u2019AP-HP, de la fondation Arthritis et de partenaires internationaux ont identifi\u00e9 un nouveau m\u00e9canisme expliquant l\u2019activation chronique de l\u2019interf\u00e9ron dans la maladie de Sj\u00f6gren, maladie auto-immune syst\u00e9mique servant de mod\u00e8le pour d\u2019autres pathologies auto-immunes. L\u2019\u00e9tude, coordonn\u00e9e notamment par l\u2019\u00e9quipe du Pr Xavier Mariette (service d\u2019Immuno-Rhumatologie, H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, AP-HP, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA), a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e le 24 ao\u00fbt 2026 dans la revue am\u00e9ricaine PNAS (Arco-Hierves et al).<\/p>\n
La maladie de Sj\u00f6gren touche environ 0,1 % de la population g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, avec une nette pr\u00e9dominance f\u00e9minine (9 femmes pour 1 homme). Elle se caract\u00e9rise par une infiltration de cellules immunitaires autour des \u00e9pith\u00e9liums, en particulier au niveau des glandes salivaires et lacrymales, entra\u00eenant une s\u00e9cheresse buccale et oculaire, des douleurs articulaires et une fatigue importante. Dans 40 % des cas, des complications inflammatoires s\u00e9v\u00e8res peuvent survenir dans diff\u00e9rents organes, et 5 \u00e0 10 % des patients les plus graves d\u00e9veloppent un lymphome. Aucun traitement sp\u00e9cifique n\u2019a \u00e0 ce jour d\u00e9montr\u00e9 son efficacit\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Les travaux de l\u2019\u00e9quipe de Xavier Mariette avaient montr\u00e9 d\u00e8s 2006 (Gottenberg JE et al, PNAS) que la maladie de Sj\u00f6gren, comme d\u2019autres maladies auto-immunes syst\u00e9miques, est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une forte \u00ab signature interf\u00e9ron \u00bb, correspondant \u00e0 l\u2019activation persistante de centaines de g\u00e8nes normalement mobilis\u00e9s en r\u00e9ponse aux infections virales. Cette r\u00e9ponse antivirale est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un moteur majeur de la maladie et constitue une cible th\u00e9rapeutique importante. Malgr\u00e9 des recherches men\u00e9es depuis pr\u00e8s de 50 ans, aucune origine virale persistante n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9e chez la majorit\u00e9 des patients.<\/p>\n
Le nouveau travail met en \u00e9vidence un m\u00e9canisme jusqu\u2019alors inconnu par lequel les cellules des glandes salivaires d\u00e9clenchent elles-m\u00eames une r\u00e9ponse antivirale en l\u2019absence de toute infection virale d\u00e9tectable. Il apporte des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la question de l\u2019activation chronique de l\u2019interf\u00e9ron dans les glandes salivaires, alors que les hypoth\u00e8ses ant\u00e9rieures (infections virales anciennes, activation de s\u00e9quences d\u2019origine virale du g\u00e9nome humain, anomalies g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques du syst\u00e8me immunitaire) n\u2019expliquaient pas pleinement ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne. Ces r\u00e9sultats renouvellent la compr\u00e9hension des premiers \u00e9v\u00e9nements \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la maladie et ouvrent des perspectives pour le d\u00e9veloppement de nouvelles approches th\u00e9rapeutiques ciblant les m\u00e9canismes d\u2019activation de l\u2019interf\u00e9ron dans les maladies auto-immunes.\u00a0(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 par l’IA)\u200bLire la Suite<\/a>\u200b<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Des chercheurs de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, de l\u2019Inserm, du CEA, de l\u2019AP-HP, de la fondation Arthritis et de partenaires internationaux ont identifi\u00e9 un nouveau m\u00e9canisme expliquant l\u2019activation chronique de l\u2019interf\u00e9ron dans […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4209,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[68,227],"class_list":["post-16678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sante-publique-prevention-epidemiologie","tag-inserm","tag-ia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16678","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16678"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16678\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16678"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16678"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}