Des chercheurs de l\u2019Inserm, du CNRS et de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, au sein de l\u2019institut Necker-Enfants malades, publient dans la revue Cell Metabolism une nouvelle classification du diab\u00e8te de type 2 fond\u00e9e sur des profils immunitaires. Ils montrent, \u00e0 partir d\u2019analyses de sang, qu\u2019il existe quatre sous-types de diab\u00e8te de type 2, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par des configurations diff\u00e9rentes de cellules immunitaires et associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des niveaux distincts de risque de complications, en particulier cardiovasculaires. Parmi ces sous-types, un profil dit \u00ab SIND \u00bb (Severe Inflammatory Diabetes), marqu\u00e9 par une forte densit\u00e9 de cellules immunitaires et une inflammation importante, est associ\u00e9 \u00e0 un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de complications. D\u2019autres profils incluent un diab\u00e8te inflammatoire l\u00e9ger (\u00ab MIND \u00bb \u2013 Mild Inflammatory Diabetes) et un diab\u00e8te riche en lymphocytes (\u00ab LYRD \u00bb \u2013 Lymphocyte-Rich Diabetes), avec des caract\u00e9ristiques immunitaires diff\u00e9renci\u00e9es.<\/p>\n
Le diab\u00e8te de type 2 repr\u00e9sente plus de 90 % des cas de diab\u00e8te dans le monde et touche environ 589 millions de personnes, avec une pr\u00e9valence en augmentation. Il s\u2019accompagne fr\u00e9quemment d\u2019autres pathologies cardiom\u00e9taboliques, dont l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 et les maladies cardiovasculaires, et entra\u00eene des cons\u00e9quences graves \u00e0 long terme. Jusqu\u2019ici, la plupart des patients atteints de diab\u00e8te de type 2 \u00e9taient consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme formant un groupe homog\u00e8ne, alors que des donn\u00e9es r\u00e9centes sugg\u00e8rent l\u2019existence de sous-groupes cliniquement et biologiquement distincts. Les classifications existantes ne permettent toutefois pas encore de rendre compte de toute la complexit\u00e9 de la maladie ni de pr\u00e9dire de mani\u00e8re suffisamment fine les risques individuels de complications.<\/p>\n
Les travaux pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s proposent des marqueurs immunitaires simples, accessibles par une prise de sang, pour mieux caract\u00e9riser les patients et stratifier leur risque. Cette approche pourrait, \u00e0 terme, faciliter une prise en charge plus personnalis\u00e9e des personnes vivant avec un diab\u00e8te de type 2, en identifiant en amont les profils les plus expos\u00e9s aux complications cardiovasculaires et en ajustant les traitements en cons\u00e9quence. Le texte source ne d\u00e9taille pas encore les modalit\u00e9s de mise en \u0153uvre clinique ni les impacts organisationnels ou \u00e9conomiques \u00e9ventuels, mais souligne le potentiel de cette classification comme outil d\u2019am\u00e9lioration du ciblage des prises en charge dans un contexte de forte charge mondiale de la maladie.\u00a0(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 par l’IA)\u200bLire la Suite<\/a>\u200b<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Des chercheurs de l\u2019Inserm, du CNRS et de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, au sein de l\u2019institut Necker-Enfants malades, publient dans la revue Cell Metabolism une nouvelle classification du diab\u00e8te de type 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