Le Centre d\u2019observation de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, \u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es de l\u2019Insee, observe une forte progression de la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi salari\u00e9 en France depuis les ann\u00e9es 1980. En 2024, 16 % des emplois salari\u00e9s sont occup\u00e9s sous statut pr\u00e9caire (int\u00e9rim, contrat \u00e0 dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e ou contrat d\u2019apprentissage), un niveau deux fois sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui des ann\u00e9es 1980. Le taux de pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 est pass\u00e9 d\u2019environ 7 % au milieu des ann\u00e9es 1980 \u00e0 13,8 % en 2000, puis 16 % en 2017. Depuis 2017, il se maintient \u00e0 ce niveau \u00e9lev\u00e9, sans nouvelle hausse marqu\u00e9e.<\/p>\n
La pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 concerne de mani\u00e8re in\u00e9gale les diff\u00e9rentes cat\u00e9gories de salari\u00e9s. Les jeunes et les personnes peu dipl\u00f4m\u00e9es sont les plus touch\u00e9s. Chez les moins de 25 ans, le taux de pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 est pass\u00e9 de 18,7 % en 1982 \u00e0 49 % en 1999 et d\u00e9passe depuis les 50 %, avec un pic \u00e0 58,5 % en 2016. Apr\u00e8s une l\u00e9g\u00e8re baisse \u00e0 partir de 2017, il s\u2019\u00e9tablit \u00e0 56 %. Les donn\u00e9es incluent les contrats d\u2019apprentissage, consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme pr\u00e9caires en raison de leur dur\u00e9e limit\u00e9e, m\u00eame s\u2019ils s\u2019inscrivent dans un parcours de formation.<\/p>\n
La pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi progresse \u00e0 la fois chez les hommes et chez les femmes. Celles-ci restent plus concern\u00e9es (16,6 % de contrats pr\u00e9caires contre 15,2 % pour les hommes), mais l\u2019\u00e9cart entre les sexes se r\u00e9duit par rapport aux ann\u00e9es 1980 et 1990. Les \u00e9carts sont aussi marqu\u00e9s selon la cat\u00e9gorie socioprofessionnelle : 20 % des ouvriers peu qualifi\u00e9s occupent un emploi pr\u00e9caire, soit trois fois plus que les cadres sup\u00e9rieurs.<\/p>\n
Le maintien du taux de pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 \u00e0 un niveau \u00e9lev\u00e9 dans un contexte de baisse du ch\u00f4mage jusqu\u2019en 2023 est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne notable. La diminution du nombre de demandeurs d\u2019emploi ne s\u2019est pas traduite par une substitution significative des contrats courts par des contrats \u00e0 dur\u00e9e ind\u00e9termin\u00e9e, en partie parce qu\u2019elle s\u2019explique par la hausse du recours aux contrats d\u2019apprentissage, qui restent comptabilis\u00e9s comme contrats pr\u00e9caires.<\/p>\n
Le Centre d\u2019observation de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 souligne les effets sociaux de la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 du travail, notamment la r\u00e9duction des horizons de vie et les difficult\u00e9s d\u2019insertion durable des jeunes dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, facteurs d\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de tensions sociales. La remont\u00e9e du ch\u00f4mage depuis 2023 est signal\u00e9e comme un motif d\u2019inqui\u00e9tude suppl\u00e9mentaire. L\u2019enjeu de politique publique est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme double : favoriser de nouveau la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019emplois tout en garantissant une meilleure s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des parcours pour les travailleurs expos\u00e9s \u00e0 la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9.\u00a0(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 par l’IA)\u200bLire la Suite<\/a>\u200b<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Le Centre d\u2019observation de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, \u00e0 partir de donn\u00e9es de l\u2019Insee, observe une forte progression de la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi salari\u00e9 en France depuis les ann\u00e9es 1980. En 2024, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4363,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[166,12],"tags":[90],"class_list":["post-16894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-discriminations","category-pauvrete-precarite-et-inclusion","tag-observatoire-des-inegalites"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}