Un rapport de la commission d\u2019enqu\u00eate du S\u00e9nat, adopt\u00e9 le 9 septembre 2026 (14 voix pour, 5 contre, 1 abstention), formule des propositions structurantes pour l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur en France. Les rapporteurs recommandent de retirer au baccalaur\u00e9at sa qualit\u00e9 de \u00ab premier grade universitaire \u00bb et de mettre fin au droit d\u2019acc\u00e8s automatique \u00e0 l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur pour les bacheliers. Le baccalaur\u00e9at serait ainsi requalifi\u00e9 en simple dipl\u00f4me de fin d\u2019\u00e9tudes secondaires, ouvrant la voie \u00e0 une s\u00e9lection explicite \u00e0 l\u2019entr\u00e9e en licence.<\/p>\n
Cette orientation est justifi\u00e9e par le constat d\u2019un \u00ab \u00e9chec massif en premier cycle \u00bb universitaire. Pour les cohortes entr\u00e9es en licence en 2020 et 2021, seuls 29,5 % et 30,6 % des \u00e9tudiants ont obtenu leur licence en trois ans ; apr\u00e8s cinq ans, moins d\u2019un \u00e9tudiant sur deux est dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 (48,5 %). La commission estime que les universit\u00e9s, soumises \u00e0 l\u2019obligation d\u2019accueillir tous les bacheliers sans ma\u00eetriser ni leurs capacit\u00e9s d\u2019accueil ni les profils admis, pratiquent de fait une \u00ab s\u00e9lection diff\u00e9r\u00e9e et par l\u2019\u00e9chec \u00bb, jug\u00e9e incompatible avec un objectif d\u2019excellence.<\/p>\n
Le rapport rappelle que les universit\u00e9s fran\u00e7aises accueillent 1,63 million d\u2019\u00e9tudiants, soit 54 % des effectifs de l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur, contre 60,2 % en 2018\u20112019. Dans le m\u00eame temps, la part du secteur priv\u00e9 est pass\u00e9e de 20,2 % \u00e0 26,5 %. Face \u00e0 cette \u00e9volution, les s\u00e9nateurs proposent de permettre aux universit\u00e9s de fixer elles-m\u00eames leurs capacit\u00e9s d\u2019accueil et de refuser les candidatures ne correspondant pas manifestement aux pr\u00e9requis des formations. Ils pr\u00e9conisent \u00e9galement de supprimer le pouvoir du recteur d\u2019imposer l\u2019inscription de candidats rest\u00e9s sans affectation \u00e0 l\u2019issue de Parcoursup.<\/p>\n
Sur le plan financier, la commission reprend les recommandations les plus controvers\u00e9es des Assises du financement des universit\u00e9s. Elle propose d\u2019augmenter fortement les droits d\u2019inscription \u00e0 900 euros par an en licence et 1 300 euros en master, contre 178 euros et 255 euros actuellement. Selon les s\u00e9nateurs, ces montants repr\u00e9senteraient environ 10 % du co\u00fbt moyen des formations, alors que les droits actuels ne couvriraient qu\u2019environ 3 % des ressources totales des \u00e9tablissements et seraient \u00ab sans commune mesure \u00bb avec le co\u00fbt r\u00e9el. Le rapport \u00e9voque une \u00ab quasi-gratuit\u00e9 \u00bb pouvant produire un \u00ab signal-prix n\u00e9gatif \u00bb, en particulier vis-\u00e0-vis des \u00e9tudiants internationaux. Les s\u00e9nateurs indiquent toutefois que cette hausse ne devrait pas s\u2019appliquer de mani\u00e8re uniforme, sans que le passage fourni ne d\u00e9taille les modalit\u00e9s envisag\u00e9es.<\/p>\n
Les principaux acteurs institutionnels mentionn\u00e9s sont le S\u00e9nat, via sa commission d\u2019enqu\u00eate, les universit\u00e9s et les rectorats. Ces recommandations soul\u00e8vent des enjeux de politique publique en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur, de r\u00e9gulation de la s\u00e9lection \u00e0 l\u2019entr\u00e9e en licence et de financement du service public universitaire, avec des effets potentiels sur les trajectoires d\u2019insertion professionnelle et les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales d\u2019acc\u00e8s aux \u00e9tudes sup\u00e9rieures.\u00a0(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 par l’IA)Lire la Suite<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Un rapport de la commission d\u2019enqu\u00eate du S\u00e9nat, adopt\u00e9 le 9 septembre 2026 (14 voix pour, 5 contre, 1 abstention), formule des propositions structurantes pour l\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur en France. Les […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9221,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[155,23],"tags":[192,227],"class_list":["post-17037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprentissage-et-transitions-professionnelles","category-formation-professionnelle-et-competences","tag-caisse-des-depots","tag-ia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17037\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veilles-affaires-sociales.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}