L\u2019Un\u00e9dic, dans le prolongement de ses travaux d\u2019observation et d\u2019analyse du march\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi sur les enjeux de l\u2019intelligence artificielle (IA), a organis\u00e9 en avril 2026 un s\u00e9minaire \u00e0 destination de ses administrateurs consacr\u00e9 au management des comp\u00e9tences \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e8re de l\u2019IA. Cette s\u00e9ance a pris la forme d\u2019une table ronde r\u00e9unissant Aur\u00e9lien Fenard, directeur de la transformation digitale et des donn\u00e9es RH \u00e0 France Travail, et Jean-Gabriel Ganascia, philosophe et informaticien, professeur \u00e0 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, chercheur au LIP6 et pr\u00e9sident du comit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9thique de France Travail.<\/p>\n
Ce s\u00e9minaire s\u2019inscrit dans une s\u00e9rie de travaux d\u00e9j\u00e0 produits par l\u2019Un\u00e9dic sur l\u2019IA, comprenant un panorama de la litt\u00e9rature \u00e9conomique, des enqu\u00eates aupr\u00e8s de dirigeants d\u2019entreprises sur leur perception de la transition num\u00e9rique, ainsi que des premiers \u00e9l\u00e9ments sur l\u2019usage des IA par les demandeurs d\u2019emploi. L\u2019objectif est de documenter les effets potentiels de l\u2019IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative sur l\u2019emploi, les comp\u00e9tences et les pratiques de recrutement et d\u2019accompagnement.<\/p>\n
L\u2019\u00e9change met en \u00e9vidence l\u2019existence de deux grands r\u00e9cits oppos\u00e9s autour de l\u2019IA : un r\u00e9cit \u00ab catastrophiste \u00bb, qui anticipe un effacement de l\u2019humain au profit de machines suppos\u00e9es plus comp\u00e9tentes, et un r\u00e9cit \u00ab utopiste \u00bb, qui attribue \u00e0 l\u2019IA la capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9soudre des probl\u00e8mes majeurs (changement climatique, sant\u00e9, in\u00e9galit\u00e9s). Il est soulign\u00e9 que ces r\u00e9cits peuvent coexister chez les m\u00eames acteurs, notamment dans le secteur num\u00e9rique et la Silicon Valley, o\u00f9 s\u2019opposent \u00ab doomers \u00bb (pessimistes) et \u00ab acc\u00e9l\u00e9rationnistes \u00bb.<\/p>\n
Jean-Gabriel Ganascia rappelle, \u00e0 partir de ses travaux ant\u00e9rieurs sur le \u00ab mythe de la singularit\u00e9 \u00bb, que les sc\u00e9narios de prise de pouvoir par les machines ou de t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement de la conscience humaine ne reposent pas, \u00e0 ce stade, sur des arguments scientifiques \u00e9tablis. Il insiste sur l\u2019absence de d\u00e9terminisme technologique et sur le fait que les choix d\u2019usage et de r\u00e9gulation de l\u2019IA rel\u00e8vent de d\u00e9cisions humaines et politiques. Il met en garde contre le risque de laisser les principaux acteurs priv\u00e9s du num\u00e9rique d\u00e9finir seuls les termes du d\u00e9bat, en s\u2019appuyant eux-m\u00eames sur un discours alarmiste autour des dangers des IA.<\/p>\n
Pour les politiques publiques en mati\u00e8re d\u2019emploi et de travail, cet \u00e9change souligne plusieurs enjeux : la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de suivre de pr\u00e8s les usages de l\u2019IA par les employeurs et les demandeurs d\u2019emploi ; l\u2019importance de consid\u00e9rer l\u2019IA comme un objet de choix collectifs plut\u00f4t que comme une \u00e9volution impos\u00e9e ; et le r\u00f4le des institutions publiques comme l\u2019Un\u00e9dic et France Travail, ainsi que de leurs instances d\u2019\u00e9thique, dans l\u2019analyse, l\u2019orientation et l\u2019encadrement des transformations du march\u00e9 du travail et du management des comp\u00e9tences li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019IA.\u00a0(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 par l’IA)\u200bLire la Suite<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" L\u2019Un\u00e9dic, dans le prolongement de ses travaux d\u2019observation et d\u2019analyse du march\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi sur les enjeux de l\u2019intelligence artificielle (IA), a organis\u00e9 en avril 2026 un s\u00e9minaire \u00e0 destination 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