L\u2019article, publi\u00e9 le 19 octobre 2026 par Hannah Ritchie sur la plateforme Our World in Data, pr\u00e9sente des r\u00e9sultats issus d\u2019une m\u00e9ta-analyse internationale de grande ampleur portant sur l\u2019\u00e2ge d\u2019apparition des troubles mentaux. Cette synth\u00e8se scientifique, conduite par Marco Solmi et ses coll\u00e8gues (192 \u00e9tudes \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques, publication dans la revue Molecular Psychiatry), vise \u00e0 pr\u00e9ciser \u00e0 quels \u00e2ges les diff\u00e9rents troubles mentaux apparaissent le plus fr\u00e9quemment, afin de mieux cibler les actions de pr\u00e9vention, de d\u00e9pistage et de soutien.<\/p>\n
Les donn\u00e9es indiquent qu\u2019environ un tiers des personnes qui pr\u00e9senteront un trouble mental au cours de leur vie en d\u00e9veloppent un avant 14 ans, et que deux tiers en d\u00e9veloppent un avant 25 ans. Ces r\u00e9sultats montrent une forte concentration des d\u00e9buts de troubles mentaux dans l\u2019enfance, l\u2019adolescence et le d\u00e9but de l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte, avec des variations importantes selon le type de trouble.<\/p>\n
L\u2019analyse distingue trois grands groupes de troubles. Un premier groupe regroupe ceux qui peuvent appara\u00eetre \u00e0 tout moment de la vie, notamment le trouble anxieux g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9, la d\u00e9pression et le trouble bipolaire (souvent class\u00e9s comme troubles de l\u2019humeur pour les deux derniers). Un deuxi\u00e8me groupe rassemble des troubles dont l\u2019apparition est nettement plus pr\u00e9coce, avec un pic marqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019adolescence. L\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 sociale se d\u00e9veloppe majoritairement dans l\u2019enfance, pr\u00e8s de 80 % des personnes concern\u00e9es en faisant l\u2019exp\u00e9rience pour la premi\u00e8re fois avant 18 ans. Les troubles des conduites alimentaires (anorexie mentale, boulimie, hyperphagie boulimique) d\u00e9butent le plus souvent \u00e0 l\u2019adolescence, avec un \u00e2ge de pic \u00e0 16 ans et un \u00e2ge m\u00e9dian d\u2019apparition de 18 ans. Un troisi\u00e8me groupe comprend des troubles dont l\u2019apparition culmine autour de 20 ans, mais qui peuvent se d\u00e9clarer pour la premi\u00e8re fois tout au long de l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte, en particulier les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019usage de substances (alcool, cannabis) et la schizophr\u00e9nie, fr\u00e9quemment observ\u00e9s au cours de la vingtaine.<\/p>\n
L\u2019article souligne l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de ces distributions d\u2019\u00e2ge pour les politiques publiques de sant\u00e9 mentale, sans toutefois proposer de mesures sp\u00e9cifiques. L\u2019identification des p\u00e9riodes de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 accrue permettrait en principe d\u2019ajuster le moment des interventions pr\u00e9ventives, du rep\u00e9rage des facteurs de risque, du d\u00e9pistage et des offres de soutien. Les auteurs de la visualisation des donn\u00e9es, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e au sein d\u2019Our World in Data, remercient Edouard Mathieu et Max Roser pour leurs commentaires, ce qui signale une implication d\u2019acteurs sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dans la production et la diffusion de donn\u00e9es comparatives internationales. L\u2019article insiste sur le fait que ces r\u00e9sultats sont issus d\u2019une m\u00e9ta-analyse mondiale, ce qui leur conf\u00e8re une port\u00e9e internationale, mais ne d\u00e9taille pas de diff\u00e9rences entre pays ni de limites m\u00e9thodologiques pr\u00e9cises au-del\u00e0 du rappel du caract\u00e8re agr\u00e9g\u00e9 et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique des donn\u00e9es.(contenu r\u00e9sum\u00e9 en fran\u00e7ais par l’IA)\u00a0Lire la Suite<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" L\u2019article, publi\u00e9 le 19 octobre 2026 par Hannah Ritchie sur la plateforme Our World in Data, pr\u00e9sente des r\u00e9sultats issus d\u2019une m\u00e9ta-analyse internationale de grande ampleur portant sur l\u2019\u00e2ge d\u2019apparition 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